Behavioral Sciences and Biostatistics

Screening and Diagnostic Test Validity Practice Questions

20 free Screening and Diagnostic Test Validity practice questions for the USMLE Step 1, each with the correct answer and a detailed explanation. Open any question below, or take the full set as an interactive quiz.

Start Practice Quiz

Questions

All Screening and Diagnostic Test Validity questions

20 questions
  1. Q1. A new screening test for colon cancer correctly identifies 95% of patients who truly have the disease. Which test characteristic does this describe?
  2. Q2. A diagnostic test has a specificity of 98%. What does this indicate about the test?
  3. Q3. A test for influenza shows many false positives. Which parameter is most likely low?
  4. Q4. A screening test for diabetes is used in a population where the disease prevalence is very low. Which parameter will be most affected?
  5. Q5. A test used for initial screening for HIV has very high sensitivity. Why is this desirable?
  6. Q6. A confirmatory test for HIV is chosen because it has very high specificity. What is the advantage of this?
  7. Q7. A new test has the following characteristics: sensitivity 70% and specificity 90%. What can be inferred?
  8. Q8. If the prevalence of a condition increases, how does this affect positive predictive value (PPV)?
  9. Q9. A researcher wants a test that rarely gives negative results to people who actually have the disorder. Which characteristic should be maximized?
  10. Q10. A study shows that a test has high NPV in a population. What is the most likely explanation?
  11. Q11. Which of the following changes will decrease the number of false positives?
  12. Q12. A physician wants to rule out pulmonary embolism using a D-dimer test. Which feature of the test makes it useful?
  13. Q13. A test correctly identifies 90 of 100 diseased patients and 70 of 100 non-diseased patients. What is the test’s accuracy?
  14. Q14. Which scenario best illustrates verification bias?
  15. Q15. A test yields the same result each time it is repeated, but the results differ from the true value. What is this scenario called?
  16. Q16. A clinician wants to minimize missing a case of meningitis in infants. Which type of test should be used first?
  17. Q17. In what situation would a test’s PPV increase even if sensitivity and specificity remain constant?
  18. Q18. A study evaluates a new test and finds that it overestimates disease in one demographic group but not others. What bias is this?
  19. Q19. A screening program detects many small, slow-growing tumors that would not have caused harm. Which bias does this represent?
  20. Q20. A test detects a disease earlier but does not change the time of death. What bias falsely inflates survival time?