Pathology

Inflammation and repair Practice Questions

22 free Inflammation and repair practice questions for the USMLE Step 1, each with the correct answer and a detailed explanation. Open any question below, or take the full set as an interactive quiz.

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All Inflammation and repair questions

22 questions
  1. Q1. Which of the following is one of the cardinal signs of acute inflammation?
  2. Q2. During the vascular phase of acute inflammation, which change occurs first?
  3. Q3. Which cell type is the predominant leukocyte in the first 24 hours of acute inflammation?
  4. Q4. What is the main function of macrophages during the wound-healing process after acute inflammation?
  5. Q5. Which of the following describes the correct sequence of wound healing phases under normal circumstances?
  6. Q6. Which extracellular matrix component helps form the initial scaffold for migrating cells during early wound healing?
  7. Q7. Which outcome of acute inflammation is most likely when the injurious agent is effectively removed and tissue architecture is intact?
  8. Q8. In chronic inflammation, which cell type becomes more predominant than neutrophils?
  9. Q9. Which mediator released during acute inflammation increases vascular permeability and contributes to swelling (tumor)?
  10. Q10. What characterizes ‘granulation tissue’ during the proliferative phase of tissue repair?
  11. Q11. Which factor is least likely to impair normal wound healing?
  12. Q12. Which type of inflammation is characterized by formation of epithelioid macrophages and multinucleated giant cells often surrounded by lymphocytes?
  13. Q13. Which event signals the beginning of the remodeling (maturation) phase of wound repair?
  14. Q14. What is the significance of Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs) in sterile inflammation?
  15. Q15. Which cytokines released by macrophages help drive the proliferative phase of wound healing by recruiting fibroblasts and promoting angiogenesis?
  16. Q16. When inflammation fails to resolve and persists, leading to tissue damage and attempts at repair concurrently, what is this condition called?
  17. Q17. Which mediator group derived from arachidonic acid plays a major role in inflammation (vasodilation, increased permeability, leukocyte chemotaxis)?
  18. Q18. Which of the following is a possible complication of wound healing when there is excessive fibroblast activity and collagen deposition beyond normal repair?
  19. Q19. Which statement best describes the difference between exudate and transudate in inflammation-related fluid accumulation?
  20. Q20. In an acute inflammatory exudate dominated by neutrophils and dead cell debris, what is the correct term for this type of inflammation?
  21. Q21. Which factor is most critical in determining whether injured tissue regenerates completely or scars by fibrosis during repair?
  22. Q22. During which phase of wound healing does neovascularization (angiogenesis) primarily occur?