Molecular diagnostics · USMLE Step 1

Which molecular diagnostic technique is most suitable for confirming presence of a viral RNA pathogen in a patient sample?

  1. Western blot for viral proteins
  2. Reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR)
  3. DNA microarray for gene expression
  4. Chromosome karyotyping
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Correct answer: Reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR)

Reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR) first converts viral RNA into complementary DNA and then amplifies it, making it the standard method for detecting RNA viruses with high sensitivity and specificity.

Difficulty: Medium Question 15 of 21

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