First-Pass Effect · Pharmacology

Which route of drug administration is most affected by the first-pass effect?

  1. Intravenous bolus
  2. Intramuscular injection
  3. Subcutaneous injection
  4. Oral administration
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Correct answer: Oral administration

Orally administered drugs pass through the gastrointestinal tract and then the portal circulation to the liver. During this passage, they may be metabolized before reaching systemic circulation.

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