Neoplasia and Cancer Biology · USMLE Step 1

What is the defining feature that distinguishes a neoplasm from normal hyperplasia or metaplasia?

  1. It always regresses once the stimulus is removed
  2. Autonomous growth that persists after the stimulus is removed
  3. It arises only within epithelial tissues
  4. It is invariably malignant from the outset
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Correct answer: Autonomous growth that persists after the stimulus is removed

A neoplasm grows autonomously and does not revert when the initiating stimulus is removed, unlike hyperplasia or metaplasia. This independent, clonal growth defines neoplasia.

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