How does chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes accelerate atherosclerosis and macrovascular end-organ damage?
Show answer and explanation
Correct answer: By driving oxidative stress, endothelial injury and foam cell formation
Hyperglycemia induces oxidative stress and inflammation, damages endothelium, enhances LDL oxidation and uptake by macrophages — promoting foam cell formation, plaque development, and macrovascular disease.
Keep practicing
More End-Organ Damage Mechanisms questions
- Which pathophysiologic mechanism underlies organ damage in ischemia-reperfusion injury (e.g., after transient vessel occlusion and reperfus…
- Which factor influences whether tissue injury heals by regeneration or progresses to fibrosis and permanent organ damage?
- Why does atherosclerotic plaque calcification contribute to further end-organ damage even without thrombosis?
- What role do vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play in the progression of atherosclerotic plaques and subsequent vessel narrowing?
- Which mechanism contributes to target organ damage in hypertension beyond elevated blood pressure alone?
- In chronic kidney disease due to long-term vascular or glomerular injury, what histopathologic mechanism underlies progressive loss of neph…