Which pathophysiologic mechanism underlies organ damage in ischemia-reperfusion injury (e.g., after transient vessel occlusion and reperfusion)?
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Correct answer: Reperfusion-driven ROS burst and mitochondrial dysfunction causing cell death
Reperfusion after ischemia causes sudden ROS surge and mitochondrial dysfunction, triggering cell death (necrosis or apoptosis), inflammation, and tissue injury — an important mechanism in MI, stroke and organ transplantation.
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