Gene therapy basics · USMLE Step 1

What is a major concern associated with genome-editing gene therapy methods like CRISPR in clinical application?

  1. Poor ability of the editing machinery to enter target cells
  2. Off-target edits causing unintended mutations elsewhere
  3. Inability to correct any disease-causing mutation
  4. It always triggers immune rejection of edited cells
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Correct answer: Off-target edits causing unintended mutations elsewhere

A major risk of CRISPR and other nucleases is off-target editing — unintended DNA breaks or mutations elsewhere in the genome — which is a critical safety concern in therapeutic gene editing.

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