Spartan Society · World History

Why did Sparta traditionally avoid building defensive walls around their city?

  1. They lacked sufficient quarried stone to construct large-scale fortifications
  2. The rugged surrounding terrain made enemy approaches nearly impossible
  3. Their citizens' bravery and shields were considered their true walls
  4. A Delphic oracle had forbidden the construction of stone city walls
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Correct answer: Their citizens' bravery and shields were considered their true walls

Sparta famously had no defensive walls for most of its history. Leaders asserted that 'a city is well-fortified which has a wall of men instead of brick.' They considered physical walls a sign of cowardice and believed their trained warriors were sufficient defense — a confidence rooted in centuries of Agoge-produced soldiers.

Difficulty: Medium Question 18 of 20

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