Genetic and Pediatric Diseases · USMLE Step 1

Which of the following is a common complication in children with Down syndrome that warrants early cardiac evaluation?

  1. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
  2. Atrioventricular septal defect
  3. Tetralogy of Fallot without cyanosis
  4. Marfan-type aortic root aneurysm
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Correct answer: Atrioventricular septal defect

AVSD is the most frequent congenital heart defect in Down syndrome, occurring in a large proportion of affected infants — early detection is crucial for management.

Difficulty: Medium Question 17 of 20

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