Histopathology basics · USMLE Step 1

In a biopsy of chronically inflamed tissue, which histologic change is least likely to represent a benign adaptive response?

  1. Squamous metaplasia of the epithelium
  2. Reactive hyperplasia of the epithelium
  3. Normal tissue architecture with increased cell number
  4. Invasive growth with basement-membrane disruption
Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: Invasive growth with basement-membrane disruption

Invasive growth with disruption of the basement membrane is a hallmark of malignant transformation and not a benign adaptive response — it indicates neoplasia rather than reversible adaptation.

Difficulty: Medium Question 16 of 22

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