Which structural feature is essential for the antimicrobial activity of a sulfonamide molecule?
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Correct answer: A free amino group para to the sulfonamide group
Antimicrobial activity requires a free amino group in the para-position relative to the sulfonamide group. Substitution on this para-amino group abolishes activity unless the substituent is removed in vivo, as happens with prodrugs such as sulfasalazine.
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