Which of the following is an effect of Protein Kinase C (PKC) activation in the diabetic vasculature?
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Correct answer: Increased production of pro-angiogenic VEGF
Intracellular hyperglycemia drives de novo synthesis of diacylglycerol, which activates protein kinase C. Activated PKC raises VEGF (neovascularization), TGF-beta (basement membrane thickening), endothelin-1, and PAI-1, while suppressing endothelial nitric oxide synthase — so nitric oxide falls rather than rises.
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