Respiratory Mechanics and Gas Exchange · USMLE Step 1

During exercise, which adjustment helps maintain adequate gas exchange despite increased metabolic demand?

  1. Decreased tidal volume and decreased respiratory rate
  2. Increased dead space fraction
  3. Increased tidal volume and alveolar ventilation
  4. Decreased perfusion of lung capillaries
Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: Increased tidal volume and alveolar ventilation

Exercise increases metabolic demand; to meet this, tidal volume and alveolar ventilation increase so more O₂ is inhaled and CO₂ removed per minute.

Difficulty: Medium Question 19 of 20

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