Genetics and Evolution

Pedigree analysis Practice Questions

19 free Pedigree analysis practice questions for the USMLE Step 1, each with the correct answer and a detailed explanation. Open any question below, or take the full set as an interactive quiz.

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Questions

All Pedigree analysis questions

19 questions
  1. Q1. In a pedigree chart, a filled square usually represents what?
  2. Q2. Which mode of inheritance is most consistent with a trait that appears in every generation and affects both sexes equally?
  3. Q3. If two unaffected parents have an affected child, which mode of inheritance is most likely?
  4. Q4. In a pedigree for an X-linked recessive disease, which of the following patterns is most suggestive?
  5. Q5. Which clue argues against X-linked dominant inheritance in a pedigree?
  6. Q6. Which assumption is typically made when performing classic pedigree analysis under Mendelian inheritance models?
  7. Q7. In autosomal dominant inheritance with full penetrance, what is the probability a child will be affected if one parent is heterozygous (Aa) and the other is ho…
  8. Q8. In a pedigree, if an affected father transmits the trait to all his daughters but none of his sons, which inheritance pattern is most likely?
  9. Q9. Which inheritance pattern would you suspect if multiple siblings are affected but neither parent shows the trait and there is consanguinity?
  10. Q10. Which mode of inheritance is nearly ruled out if affected males are found in consecutive generations and pass the trait to their sons?
  11. Q11. Which scenario describes pseudodominance that might mislead a pedigree analyst?
  12. Q12. In pedigree analysis, which of the following features strongly suggests an autosomal recessive rather than autosomal dominant inheritance for a rare disorder?
  13. Q13. Which pattern on a pedigree might suggest mitochondrial inheritance?
  14. Q14. If a pedigree shows an affected male whose mother is unaffected but paternal grandfather is affected, which inheritance pattern is least likely?
  15. Q15. When analyzing a pedigree, why do geneticists often assume “complete penetrance” and “rare allele frequency” for a Mendelian trait?
  16. Q16. A pedigree shows only males affected in multiple generations, and no daughters are affected even when fathers are affected. Which pattern is the best fit?
  17. Q17. Which inheritance pattern would you suspect if all children — male and female — of an affected male are affected?
  18. Q18. Which feature on a pedigree would argue for autosomal rather than X-linked inheritance when both sexes show roughly equal affected frequency?
  19. Q19. In pedigree analysis with a rare autosomal recessive trait, what is the chance that two carrier parents will have an unaffected child who is also a carrier?