Columbian Exchange and Ecological Change · US History

The cultivation of sugar in the Caribbean and South America led to:

  1. Massive deforestation and the rise of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade
  2. The development of small, family-owned subsistence farms
  3. A decline in the European demand for enslaved labor
  4. The total restoration of the local rainforest through sustainable practices
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Correct answer: Massive deforestation and the rise of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade

Sugar was a land-intensive and labor-intensive crop that required clearing vast tracts of tropical forest. To maximize profits, European powers relied on a brutal system of enslaved African labor on large plantations.

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