Congenital Heart Defects in Children · NCLEX Exam

Which of the following defects is most likely to require prostaglandin E₁ infusion in the newborn period to maintain ductal patency?

  1. A small, asymptomatic atrial septal defect
  2. Transposition of the great arteries or hypoplastic left heart syndrome
  3. Mild coarctation of the aorta in a 5-year-old child
  4. A simple ventricular septal defect in a toddler
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Correct answer: Transposition of the great arteries or hypoplastic left heart syndrome

In critical congenital heart defects such as TGA or HLHS, maintaining the ductus arteriosus via prostaglandin E₁ is required early to allow systemic or pulmonary circulation until intervention.

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