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Bone Growth · Histology

Estrogen and testosterone affect bone growth during puberty by:

  1. Completely inhibiting osteoblast activity throughout the growing skeleton.
  2. Triggering the reversal of mineralized bone tissue back into hyaline cartilage.
  3. Selectively increasing periosteal thickness without affecting bone elongation.
  4. Stimulating growth spurts but eventually causing epiphyseal plate closure.
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Correct answer: Stimulating growth spurts but eventually causing epiphyseal plate closure.

Sex hormones promote the adolescent growth spurt by increasing osteoblast activity. However, they also induce the eventual mineralization of the epiphyseal plate cartilage, leading to its 'closure' and the cessation of longitudinal growth.

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