Turner's Frontier Thesis · US History

According to Turner, why did the 'mountain man' and 'fur trader' represent the earliest stage of the frontier?

  1. They built the first permanent cities
  2. They were the only frontier figures who knew how to read wilderness maps
  3. They lived among Native peoples and acted as the vanguard of expansion
  4. They were sent directly by the King of Spain
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Correct answer: They lived among Native peoples and acted as the vanguard of expansion

The fur trader was the 'pathfinder' who identified routes and resources. They often integrated into Native cultures, representing the first tentative step of European influence into the 'savagery' of the wilderness.

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