Science Laws Practice Questions
20 free Science Laws practice questions for the Static GK. Tap an option to answer — you get instant feedback, the correct answer, and a detailed explanation for every question.
Which law of motion states that 'For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction'?
- A Newton's First Law
- B Newton's Second Law
- C Newton's Third Law
- D Law of Conservation of Momentum
Correct answer: Newton's Third Law
Newton's Third Law explains that forces always exist in pairs. If object A exerts a force on object B, object B simultaneously exerts a force of equal magnitude and opposite direction on object A.
According to Boyle's Law, what is the relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas at a constant temperature?
- A Directly proportional
- B Inversely proportional
- C Equal to each other
- D Pressure is the square of volume
Correct answer: Inversely proportional
Boyle's Law states that for a fixed amount of an ideal gas kept at a fixed temperature, pressure and volume are inversely proportional. This means as pressure increases, volume decreases, and vice versa.
Which law states that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant and can only be transformed from one form to another?
- A First Law of Thermodynamics
- B Second Law of Thermodynamics
- C Third Law of Thermodynamics
- D Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
Correct answer: First Law of Thermodynamics
The First Law of Thermodynamics is a version of the Law of Conservation of Energy. It dictates that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only changed in form or transferred.
Which law of planetary motion states that the orbit of a planet is an ellipse with the Sun at one of the two foci?
- A Kepler's First Law
- B Kepler's Second Law
- C Kepler's Third Law
- D Newton's Law of Gravitation
Correct answer: Kepler's First Law
Johannes Kepler's First Law, also known as the Law of Ellipses, broke from the traditional belief that planetary orbits were perfect circles. This law accurately describes the paths of all planets in our solar system.
Ohm's Law defines the relationship between which three electrical quantities?
- A Wattage, Voltage, and Current
- B Voltage, Current, and Resistance
- C Resistance, Capacitance, and Inductance
- D Voltage, Charge, and Time
Correct answer: Voltage, Current, and Resistance
Ohm's Law states that the current passing through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points. It is mathematically expressed as $V = IR$.
Which law states that 'Equal volumes of all gases, at the same temperature and pressure, contain the same number of molecules'?
- A Charles's Law
- B Gay-Lussac's Law
- C Avogadro's Law
- D Dalton's Law
Correct answer: Avogadro's Law
Avogadro's Law explains the relationship between the volume and the amount of gas (moles). It provided a crucial link for determining molecular weights and understanding gas behavior.
Archimedes' Principle is primarily used to explain which physical phenomenon?
- A Magnetism
- B Buoyant force
- C Surface Tension
- D Refraction
Correct answer: Buoyant force
Archimedes' Principle states that any body completely or partially submerged in a fluid is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the body. This is the fundamental principle behind why ships float.
Which law states that the force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them?
- A Ampere's Law
- B Faraday's Law
- C Coulomb's Law
- D Ohm's Law
Correct answer: Coulomb's Law
Coulomb's Law describes the electrostatic force of attraction or repulsion between stationary electrically charged particles. It follows an inverse-square law similar to Newton's law of universal gravitation.
Pascal's Law is the founding principle of which branch of technology?
- A Electronics
- B Aerodynamics
- C Optics
- D Hydraulics
Correct answer: Hydraulics
Pascal's Law states that a pressure change at any point in a confined incompressible fluid is transmitted throughout the fluid such that the same change occurs everywhere. This is used in hydraulic jacks and brakes to multiply force.
Which law states that 'The mass of a substance produced at an electrode during electrolysis is directly proportional to the quantity of electricity passed'?
- A Faraday's First Law of Electrolysis
- B Faraday's Second Law of Electrolysis
- C Lenz's Law
- D Fleming's Rule
Correct answer: Faraday's First Law of Electrolysis
Michael Faraday established the quantitative basis for electrolysis. His first law links the amount of chemical change at an electrode to the total electric charge used in the process.
Charles's Law describes the relationship between which two properties of a gas at constant pressure?
- A Pressure and Temperature
- B Volume and Density
- C Volume and Temperature
- D Mass and Volume
Correct answer: Volume and Temperature
Charles's Law states that the volume of a given mass of gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature if the pressure remains constant. This means gases expand when heated.
Which law states that 'In a mixture of non-reacting gases, the total pressure exerted is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases'?
- A Graham's Law
- B Henry's Law
- C Dalton's Law
- D Raoult's Law
Correct answer: Dalton's Law
Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures is essential in chemistry and atmospheric science. It allows scientists to calculate the behavior of individual gases within a shared volume.
The Law of Conservation of Mass was established by which scientist?
- A Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac
- B John Dalton
- C Robert Boyle
- D Antoine Lavoisier
Correct answer: Antoine Lavoisier
Antoine Lavoisier, known as the 'Father of Modern Chemistry,' proved through careful measurement that the total mass of substances in a chemical reaction does not change. Mass is neither created nor destroyed.
Which law states that the induced electromotive force (EMF) in any closed circuit is equal to the negative of the time rate of change of the magnetic flux through the circuit?
- A Coulomb's Law
- B Ampere's Circuital Law
- C Gauss's Law for Magnetism
- D Faraday's Induction Law
Correct answer: Faraday's Induction Law
Faraday's Law of Induction is a basic law of electromagnetism predicting how a magnetic field will interact with an electric circuit to produce an EMF. This is the principle behind electric generators and transformers.
Which law states that 'The current flowing into a node (or junction) must be equal to the current flowing out of the node'?
- A Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL)
- B Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL)
- C Thevenin's Theorem
- D Norton's Theorem
Correct answer: Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL)
Kirchhoff's Current Law is based on the principle of conservation of electric charge. It ensures that charge does not accumulate at a single point within a steady-state circuit.
According to the Second Law of Thermodynamics, the total ______ of an isolated system can never decrease over time.
- A Energy
- B Enthalpy
- C Temperature
- D Entropy
Correct answer: Entropy
Entropy is a measure of molecular disorder or randomness. The Second Law states that the entropy of the universe tends toward a maximum, explaining why heat flows spontaneously from hot to cold.
Which law states that an object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an external force?
- A Newton's Law of Inertia
- B Law of Acceleration
- C Law of Reciprocal Actions
- D Law of Friction
Correct answer: Newton's Law of Inertia
Also known as Newton's First Law of Motion, the Law of Inertia explains that objects have a natural tendency to resist changes in their state of motion.
Graham's Law is used to determine the rate of ______ of gases.
- A Diffusion
- B Expansion
- C Combustion
- D Liquefaction
Correct answer: Diffusion
Graham's Law states that the rate of diffusion or effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass. Lighter gases diffuse faster than heavier ones.
Which law states that the pressure of a given mass of gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature, provided the volume remains constant?
- A Boyle's Law
- B Charles's Law
- C Avogadro's Gas Law
- D Gay-Lussac's Law
Correct answer: Gay-Lussac's Law
Gay-Lussac's Law (sometimes called Amontons's Law) describes why pressure increases in a closed container, like a pressure cooker or a car tire, as the temperature rises.
Hubble's Law in astronomy states that the velocity at which a galaxy moves away from us is proportional to its:
- A Mass
- B Luminosity
- C Age
- D Distance
Correct answer: Distance
Hubble's Law provides the observational basis for the expansion of the universe. It shows that the farther away a galaxy is, the faster it appears to be receding from Earth.