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Science Basics

Human Body Systems Practice Questions

19 free Human Body Systems practice questions for the Static GK. Tap an option to answer — you get instant feedback, the correct answer, and a detailed explanation for every question.

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Question 1 of 19 Medium

Which organ in the human body is primarily responsible for filtering waste products from the blood and producing urine?

  1. A Kidneys
  2. B Liver
  3. C Pancreas
  4. D Spleen

Correct answer: Kidneys

The kidneys are the primary organs of the excretory system. They filter blood to remove metabolic wastes and excess water, which are then excreted as urine.

Question 2 of 19 Medium

What is the name of the largest artery in the human body?

  1. A Vena Cava
  2. B Pulmonary Artery
  3. C Carotid Artery
  4. D The Aorta

Correct answer: The Aorta

The aorta is the largest artery in the body, originating from the left ventricle of the heart. It carries oxygenated blood to all parts of the body except the lungs.

Question 3 of 19 Medium

Which part of the brain is responsible for maintaining balance, posture, and muscle coordination?

  1. A Cerebellum
  2. B Cerebrum
  3. C Medulla Oblongata
  4. D Thalamus

Correct answer: Cerebellum

The cerebellum, often called the 'little brain,' is located at the back of the skull. Its primary function is the coordination of voluntary movements and maintenance of equilibrium.

Question 4 of 19 Medium

The exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) takes place in which part of the lungs?

  1. A Alveoli
  2. B Bronchi
  3. C Trachea
  4. D Pharynx

Correct answer: Alveoli

Alveoli are tiny, balloon-like air sacs at the end of the bronchial tubes. This is where the thin walls allow oxygen to enter the blood and carbon dioxide to leave it.

Question 5 of 19 Medium

Which of the following is the longest bone in the human body?

  1. A Humerus
  2. B Tibia
  3. C Femur
  4. D Fibula

Correct answer: Femur

The femur, or thigh bone, is the longest and strongest bone in the human skeleton. it extends from the hip to the knee.

Question 6 of 19 Medium

What is the primary function of White Blood Cells (Leukocytes)?

  1. A Transporting oxygen
  2. B Clotting blood
  3. C Fighting infections
  4. D Regulating body temperature

Correct answer: Fighting infections

White blood cells are a vital part of the immune system. They help the body fight against infectious diseases and foreign invaders.

Question 7 of 19 Medium

Which gland is known as the 'Master Gland' because it controls many other endocrine glands?

  1. A Thyroid gland
  2. B Adrenal gland
  3. C Pituitary gland
  4. D Parathyroid gland

Correct answer: Pituitary gland

The pituitary gland, located at the base of the brain, secretes hormones that regulate the functions of other glands like the thyroid and adrenals.

Question 8 of 19 Medium

Where does the majority of chemical digestion and nutrient absorption occur in the digestive system?

  1. A Stomach
  2. B Small Intestine
  3. C Large Intestine
  4. D Esophagus

Correct answer: Small Intestine

While digestion begins in the mouth and stomach, the small intestine is where most chemical breakdown occurs and where nutrients pass into the bloodstream.

Question 9 of 19 Medium

The adult human skeletal system consists of how many bones?

  1. A 206
  2. B 210
  3. C 300
  4. D 180

Correct answer: 206

An adult human has 206 bones. Infants are born with roughly 270 to 300 bones, many of which fuse together as the body grows.

Question 10 of 19 Medium

Which pigment gives human skin, hair, and eyes their color?

  1. A Hemoglobin
  2. B Melanin
  3. C Keratin
  4. D Chlorophyll

Correct answer: Melanin

Melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes. It provides pigmentation and helps protect the skin from the harmful effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation.

Question 11 of 19 Medium

What is the normal resting heart rate for a healthy adult in beats per minute (bpm)?

  1. A 40–60 bpm
  2. B 60–100 bpm
  3. C 100–120 bpm
  4. D 120–150 bpm

Correct answer: 60–100 bpm

A normal resting heart rate for adults ranges from 60 to 100 beats per minute. Generally, a lower heart rate at rest implies more efficient heart function and better cardiovascular fitness.

Question 12 of 19 Medium

Which type of muscle is found in the walls of internal organs like the stomach and intestines and is involuntary?

  1. A Skeletal muscle
  2. B Heart muscle
  3. C Smooth muscle
  4. D Striated muscle

Correct answer: Smooth muscle

Smooth muscles are involuntary muscles that control the movements of internal organs. They lack the striations (bands) seen in skeletal and cardiac muscles.

Question 13 of 19 Medium

Which organ is responsible for the production of bile, which helps in the digestion of fats?

  1. A Gallbladder
  2. B Liver
  3. C Colon
  4. D Small Intestine

Correct answer: Liver

The liver produces bile continuously, which is then stored and concentrated in the gallbladder until it is needed for digestion in the small intestine.

Question 14 of 19 Medium

What is the basic structural and functional unit of the nervous system?

  1. A Nephron
  2. B Neuron
  3. C Axon
  4. D Dendrite

Correct answer: Neuron

The neuron is the nerve cell that transmits information throughout the body using electrical and chemical signals. A nephron is the functional unit of the kidney.

Question 15 of 19 Medium

The clear, watery fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord is known as:

  1. A Blood plasma
  2. B Lymphatic fluid
  3. C Cerebrospinal fluid
  4. D Synovial joint fluid

Correct answer: Cerebrospinal fluid

Cerebrospinal fluid acts as a cushion or buffer for the brain and spinal cord, providing basic mechanical and immunological protection.

Question 16 of 19 Medium

Which hormone is produced by the pancreas to regulate blood sugar levels?

  1. A Adrenaline
  2. B Thyroxine
  3. C Insulin
  4. D Gastrin

Correct answer: Insulin

Insulin is secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas. It helps cells take in glucose from the blood, thereby lowering blood sugar levels.

Question 17 of 19 Medium

The 'Universal Donor' blood group, which can be given to people of any other blood group, is:

  1. A A+
  2. B B-
  3. C AB+
  4. D O-

Correct answer: O-

O-negative blood lacks A, B, and Rh antigens, meaning it is unlikely to cause an immune reaction in recipients of any other blood type.

Question 18 of 19 Medium

Which vitamin is synthesized in the human skin when it is exposed to sunlight?

  1. A Vitamin A
  2. B Vitamin B12
  3. C Vitamin C
  4. D Vitamin D

Correct answer: Vitamin D

When skin is exposed to UVB radiation from the sun, it triggers the synthesis of Vitamin D. This vitamin is essential for calcium absorption and bone health.

Question 19 of 19 Medium

What is the name of the thin membrane that separates the outer ear from the middle ear and vibrates in response to sound waves?

  1. A Semicircular canals
  2. B Eustachian tube
  3. C Stapes
  4. D Tympanic membrane

Correct answer: Tympanic membrane

The tympanic membrane, commonly known as the eardrum, transmits sound vibrations from the air to the tiny bones (ossicles) in the middle ear.

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