Membrane Transport Mechanisms · Physiology

Which of the following mechanisms requires ATP directly for transport of ions across the plasma membrane?

  1. Facilitated diffusion via channel proteins
  2. Simple diffusion of small uncharged molecules
  3. Primary active transport (e.g., Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase)
  4. Osmosis
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Correct answer: Primary active transport (e.g., Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase)

Primary active transport uses energy from ATP hydrolysis to move ions (e.g., Na⁺ out, K⁺ in) against their electrochemical gradients — a central mechanism for maintaining cellular ion balance.

Difficulty: Medium Question 8 of 24

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