Fossil Plants and Plant Kingdom Evolution · NCERT Biology

Coal deposits are mainly derived from fossil remains of:

  1. Aquatic algal mats
  2. Primitive bryophytes
  3. Pteridophyte forests
  4. Ancient angiosperm trees
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Correct answer: Pteridophyte forests

Coal deposits formed from the compressed remains of dense pteridophyte forests—primarily ferns, club mosses, and horsetails—that flourished during the Carboniferous period. These plants accumulated in vast swampy environments before being buried and transformed into coal.

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