Union Government Structure Practice Questions
20 free Union Government Structure practice questions for the Indian Polity. Tap an option to answer — you get instant feedback, the correct answer, and a detailed explanation for every question.
Which Article of the Constitution states that the executive power of the Union shall be vested in the President?
- A Article 52
- B Article 53
- C Article 74
- D Article 75
Correct answer: Article 53
Article 53 provides that the executive power of the Union is vested in the President. However, this power is exercised in accordance with the Constitution and on the advice of the Council of Ministers.
Which Article provides for a Council of Ministers to aid and advise the President?
- A Article 72
- B Article 74
- C Article 76
- D Article 78
Correct answer: Article 74
Article 74 mandates that there shall be a Council of Ministers with the Prime Minister at the head to aid and advise the President. The President acts in accordance with such advice.
The President of India is elected by:
- A Direct vote of the people
- B Members of both Houses of Parliament only
- C Electoral College of MPs and MLAs
- D State Governors
Correct answer: Electoral College of MPs and MLAs
The President is elected by an Electoral College consisting of elected members of both Houses of Parliament and elected members of State Legislative Assemblies.
The term of office of the President of India is:
- A Four years
- B Five years
- C Six years
- D Seven years
Correct answer: Five years
Under Article 56, the President holds office for a term of five years from the date of entering office, unless removed earlier by impeachment.
Which authority administers the oath of office to the President?
- A Prime Minister
- B Chief Justice of India
- C Speaker of the Lok Sabha
- D Vice-President
Correct answer: Chief Justice of India
The Chief Justice of India administers the oath of office to the President. In the absence of the CJI, the senior-most judge of the Supreme Court performs this function.
The Prime Minister is appointed by the:
- A Chief Justice of India
- B Speaker of Lok Sabha
- C President of India
- D Rajya Sabha
Correct answer: President of India
The President appoints the Prime Minister. Typically, the leader of the majority party in the Lok Sabha is appointed.
The Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to:
- A Rajya Sabha
- B President of India
- C The Lok Sabha
- D Supreme Court
Correct answer: The Lok Sabha
Under Article 75(3), the Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha. If the Lok Sabha passes a no-confidence motion, the Council must resign.
Which Article deals with the appointment of the Attorney General of India?
- A Article 76
- B Article 148
- C Article 280
- D Article 324
Correct answer: Article 76
Article 76 provides for the appointment of the Attorney General of India by the President. The Attorney General is the chief legal advisor to the Government.
The Vice-President of India is elected by:
- A Electoral College of MPs only
- B Electoral College of MPs and MLAs
- C Direct election
- D President
Correct answer: Electoral College of MPs only
The Vice-President is elected by members of both Houses of Parliament. State Legislative Assemblies do not participate in this election.
Which body acts as the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha?
- A President
- B Prime Minister
- C Vice-President
- D Speaker of Lok Sabha
Correct answer: Vice-President
The Vice-President of India acts as the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha. He presides over its sessions.
Which Article empowers the President to grant pardons?
- A Article 72
- B Article 74
- C Article 76
- D Article 78
Correct answer: Article 72
Article 72 grants the President the power to pardon, commute, remit, or reprieve sentences in certain cases, including death sentences.
The Cabinet is a subset of:
- A Parliament
- B Supreme Court
- C Council of Ministers
- D Election Commission of India
Correct answer: Council of Ministers
The Cabinet is the core group within the Council of Ministers. It consists of senior ministers and makes key policy decisions.
The President can promulgate ordinances under which Article?
- A Article 352
- B Article 123
- C Article 356
- D Article 368
Correct answer: Article 123
Article 123 empowers the President to promulgate ordinances when Parliament is not in session. Such ordinances have the force of law but must be approved by Parliament.
The Comptroller and Auditor General of India is appointed by the:
- A Prime Minister
- B The President
- C Parliament
- D Chief Justice
Correct answer: The President
The President appoints the Comptroller and Auditor General of India. The CAG audits government expenditure and ensures financial accountability.
Which Article requires the Prime Minister to communicate decisions of the Council of Ministers to the President?
- A Article 74
- B Article 75
- C Article 78
- D Article 85
Correct answer: Article 78
Article 78 outlines the duties of the Prime Minister, including communicating decisions of the Council of Ministers to the President.
The President of India can be impeached for:
- A Corruption only
- B Violation of the Constitution
- C Loss of majority
- D Judicial misconduct or incapacity
Correct answer: Violation of the Constitution
The President can be impeached under Article 61 for violation of the Constitution. The process requires a special majority in both Houses of Parliament.
Which of the following is NOT part of the Union Executive?
- A President
- B Vice-President
- C Council of Ministers of India
- D Chief Justice of India
Correct answer: Chief Justice of India
The Union Executive comprises the President, Vice-President, Prime Minister, Council of Ministers, and Attorney General. The Chief Justice belongs to the judiciary.
The President acts on the aid and advice of the Council of Ministers as per which amendment making it binding?
- A 42nd Amendment
- B 44th Amendment
- C 38th Amendment
- D 52nd Amendment
Correct answer: 42nd Amendment
The 42nd Constitutional Amendment made the advice of the Council of Ministers binding on the President. The 44th Amendment allowed reconsideration but required acceptance of the revised advice.
In case of a hung Parliament, the President may exercise which discretion?
- A Appointing a Prime Minister
- B Passing ordinances
- C Dissolving Supreme Court
- D Approving the impeachment of sitting judges
Correct answer: Appointing a Prime Minister
In a hung Parliament, the President exercises discretion in appointing a Prime Minister who is likely to command majority support in the Lok Sabha.
The executive power of the Union extends to matters on which:
- A Only Parliament has the power to legislate
- B States can legislate exclusively
- C Both Parliament and State Legislatures can legislate
- D The President has independent power to legislate
Correct answer: Only Parliament has the power to legislate
Under Article 73, the executive power of the Union extends to matters on which Parliament has the power to make laws. This includes subjects in the Union List.