Right against Exploitation Practice Questions
40 free Right against Exploitation practice questions for the Indian Polity. Tap an option to answer — you get instant feedback, the correct answer, and a detailed explanation for every question.
Which set of Articles in the Indian Constitution constitutes the 'Right against Exploitation'?
- A Articles 19 and 20
- B Articles 21 and 22
- C Articles 23 and 24
- D Articles 25 and 26
Correct answer: Articles 23 and 24
The Right against Exploitation is enshrined in Articles 23 and 24 of the Indian Constitution. These articles aim to protect the dignity of the individual and prohibit various forms of forced labor and child labor.
Article 23 of the Constitution prohibits which of the following practices?
- A Child labor in factories
- B Traffic in human beings and begar
- C Untouchability
- D Discrimination in public employment
Correct answer: Traffic in human beings and begar
Article 23 specifically prohibits traffic in human beings, begar (forced labor), and other similar forms of forced labor. Any contravention of this provision is an offence punishable in accordance with law.
What does the term 'Begar' signify in the context of Article 23?
- A Employment without social security
- B Child labor in the agricultural sector
- C Compulsory work without remuneration
- D Involuntary migration for work
Correct answer: Compulsory work without remuneration
Begar is a specific form of forced labor where the person is compelled to work without any payment. It was a peculiar Indian system under which local zamindars sometimes forced their tenants to render services without any remuneration.
Which of the following acts was passed to give effect to the provisions of Article 23?
- A The Factories Act, 1948
- B The Mines Act, 1952
- C The Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act, 1956
- D The Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986
Correct answer: The Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act, 1956
The Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act, 1956 was enacted to penalize and prevent the trafficking of human beings for the purpose of prostitution. Article 23 is not self-executing and requires such laws for its enforcement.
The Right against Exploitation is available against which of the following?
- A Only the State
- B Only private individuals and entities
- C Both the State and private parties
- D Only the Union Government
Correct answer: Both the State and private parties
Unlike some other fundamental rights that are only available against the State, Article 23 protects individuals against both the State and private persons. This ensures a broad shield against exploitation in the private sector and social sphere.
Under Article 23, the State is permitted to impose 'compulsory service' for which purpose?
- A Development of national economy and commerce
- B Public purposes like social or military service
- C Growth of industrial production and exports
- D Development of the agricultural sector and farming
Correct answer: Public purposes like social or military service
Article 23(2) allows the State to impose compulsory service for public purposes, such as national defense or social services. However, in imposing such service, the State cannot discriminate on grounds only of religion, race, caste, or class.
Which Article prohibits the employment of children below the age of 14 years in any factory or mine?
- A Article 21A
- B Article 22
- C Article 23
- D Article 24
Correct answer: Article 24
Article 24 prohibits the employment of children below the age of 14 in any factory, mine, or other hazardous occupations. This is a crucial provision for the protection of childhood and the right to education.
The Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Amendment Act, 2016, prohibits the employment of children below 14 years in:
- A Only hazardous occupations or industries
- B All occupations and processes
- C Only factories and mines
- D Only during school hours
Correct answer: All occupations and processes
The 2016 amendment completely banned the employment of children below 14 years in all occupations and processes. The only exceptions are if the child helps their family after school hours or works as an artist in the audio-visual entertainment industry.
Which new category of workers was introduced by the Child Labour Amendment Act, 2016?
- A Migrant child workers below 14 years old
- B Adolescents between 14 and 18 years
- C Apprentices in vocational training
- D Part-time child workers under 14
Correct answer: Adolescents between 14 and 18 years
The amendment introduced the category of 'Adolescents', defined as those aged between 14 and 18 years. It prohibits the employment of adolescents in specific hazardous occupations and processes listed in the Act.
In which landmark case did the Supreme Court direct the establishment of the 'Child Labour Rehabilitation Welfare Fund'?
- A M.C. Mehta vs. State of Tamil Nadu (1996)
- B Bandhua Mukti Morcha vs. Union of India (1984)
- C Vishaka vs. State of Rajasthan (1997)
- D Golaknath vs. State of Punjab (1967)
Correct answer: M.C. Mehta vs. State of Tamil Nadu (1996)
In the M.C. Mehta case (1996), the Supreme Court issued directions to eliminate child labor and ordered the offending employer to pay Rs. 20,000 for every child employed into a welfare fund. This fund is used for the education and health of the rescued child.
Which of the following is NOT specifically mentioned in Article 23?
- A Trafficking of human beings for exploitation
- B Begar or unpaid forced labor
- C Bonded labor under any agreement
- D Employment of children in mines
Correct answer: Employment of children in mines
While Article 23 prohibits forced labor and trafficking, the specific prohibition of 'employment of children in mines' is covered under Article 24. Bonded labor is considered a form of forced labor prohibited under Article 23.
The 'Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act' was passed in which year to fulfill the mandate of Article 23?
- A 1956
- B 1976
- C 1986
- D 1992
Correct answer: 1976
The Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act was enacted in 1976 to provide for the abolition of the bonded labor system with a view to preventing the economic and physical exploitation of the weaker sections of the people.
As per the Constitution, Article 24 provides protection against employment in 'hazardous' occupations to:
- A Only citizens
- B All persons in India
- C Only residents
- D Only persons above 18 years
Correct answer: All persons in India
Article 24 is a fundamental right available to all persons, not just citizens. It creates an absolute prohibition against the employment of children in hazardous industries to ensure their safety and development.
The Supreme Court in 'People's Union for Democratic Rights vs. Union of India' (1982) ruled that payment of wages less than the minimum wage amounts to:
- A Breach of contract
- B A form of forced labor
- C A violation of equality principles
- D Unfair Trade Practice
Correct answer: A form of forced labor
The court held that 'forced labor' under Article 23 does not just mean physical force, but also economic compulsion. Therefore, forcing someone to work for less than the minimum wage is a violation of Article 23.
Under the 2016 Amendment to the Child Labour Act, in which of the following can a child below 14 years still work?
- A In a garment manufacturing unit
- B In family enterprises after school hours
- C In a circus as a performing artist
- D In a restaurant as a serving waiter
Correct answer: In family enterprises after school hours
The Act allows a child to help in his/her family or family enterprise, provided the work is non-hazardous and occurs after school hours or during vacations. This is intended to allow traditional skills to be passed down while ensuring education is not hampered.
Article 23 also covers the prohibition of 'Devadasi' system. This falls under which category?
- A Begar (forced unpaid labor)
- B Traffic in human beings
- C Forced or bonded labor
- D Practice of untouchability
Correct answer: Traffic in human beings
The term 'traffic in human beings' in Article 23 includes selling and buying of men, women, and children like goods, and also includes slavery and the Devadasi system. These practices are treated as criminal offences.
According to the Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, an 'occupier' of an establishment where child labor is found can face:
- A Only a monetary fine, with no jail time
- B Only a formal warning from the inspector
- C Imprisonment and/or a fine as prescribed
- D Immediate closure of the establishment
Correct answer: Imprisonment and/or a fine as prescribed
The Act provides for stringent punishment, including imprisonment for a term between 6 months and 2 years, or a fine between Rs. 20,000 and Rs. 50,000, or both. Repeat offenders face even harsher penalties.
What is the primary difference between Article 23 and Article 24?
- A Article 23 protects adults only; Article 24 applies exclusively to children
- B Article 23 bans trafficking and forced labor; Article 24 bans child labor hazards
- C Article 23 is about freedom of religion; Article 24 covers the right to education
- D Both articles address the same constitutional subject matter
Correct answer: Article 23 bans trafficking and forced labor; Article 24 bans child labor hazards
Article 23 is a general prohibition against human trafficking and all forms of forced labor (including adults). Article 24 is a specific provision aimed at protecting children from exploitation in workplaces.
Does Article 23 permit the State to pay for the compulsory service it imposes for public purposes?
- A Yes, the State must always pay
- B No, the State is forbidden from paying
- C The Constitution doesn't mandate State payment
- D Only if the service lasts more than 48 hours per week
Correct answer: The Constitution doesn't mandate State payment
Article 23(2) allows the State to impose compulsory service for public purposes. However, the Constitution does not mandate that the State pay for such service, though in practice, it typically does.
Which of the following is considered 'traffic in human beings' under Article 23?
- A Compelling a person to vote against their political preference
- B Selling and buying of women or children for exploitation
- C Inter-state migration of laborers for seasonal work
- D Voluntary recruitment for the armed forces
Correct answer: Selling and buying of women or children for exploitation
Traffic in human beings refers to the illegal trade of humans for exploitation, including commercial sexual exploitation or forced labor. It is a direct violation of the fundamental right to dignity and freedom.
Which Articles of the Constitution guarantee the Right against Exploitation?
- A Articles 19-22
- B Articles 25-28
- C Articles 29-30
- D Articles 23-24
Correct answer: Articles 23-24
The Right against Exploitation is provided under Articles 23 and 24. These Articles prohibit practices like human trafficking, forced labor, and child labor. They aim to protect human dignity.
Article 23 of the Constitution prohibits:
- A Freedom of speech and expression
- B Religious discrimination in employment
- C Property rights of citizens
- D Traffic in human beings and forced labor
Correct answer: Traffic in human beings and forced labor
Article 23 prohibits trafficking in human beings, begar, and other forms of forced labor. It applies to both the State and private individuals. It ensures protection against exploitation.
Which Article prohibits employment of children below 14 years in hazardous occupations?
- A Article 21
- B Article 23
- C Article 24
- D Article 25
Correct answer: Article 24
Article 24 prohibits employment of children below 14 years in factories, mines, and hazardous work. It protects children from exploitation. It ensures their safety and development.
What does the term 'begar' mean?
- A Paid labor with wages
- B Voluntary service
- C Unpaid forced labor
- D Labor done by children
Correct answer: Unpaid forced labor
'Begar' refers to forced labor without payment. It was a common exploitative practice in the past. Article 23 abolishes such practices.
The Right against Exploitation is available against:
- A Only the State
- B Only private individuals
- C State and private persons
- D Only the judiciary
Correct answer: State and private persons
The Right against Exploitation is enforceable against both the State and private individuals. This ensures comprehensive protection. It covers all forms of exploitation.
Which of the following practices is prohibited under Article 23?
- A Sati
- B Censorship
- C Reservation
- D Begar
Correct answer: Begar
Begar is explicitly prohibited under Article 23. It refers to forced unpaid labor. The Constitution abolishes such exploitative practices.
Which Act was passed to abolish bonded labor in India?
- A Child Labour (Prohibition) Act 1986
- B The Factories Act of 1948
- C The Minimum Wages Act of 1948
- D Bonded Labour (Abolition) Act 1976
Correct answer: Bonded Labour (Abolition) Act 1976
The Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act, 1976 abolished bonded labor. It implements Article 23. It frees individuals from forced labor conditions.
Article 23 allows compulsory service for:
- A Private purposes
- B Religious purposes
- C Political purposes
- D Public purposes
Correct answer: Public purposes
Article 23 allows compulsory service for public purposes. However, it must not discriminate on grounds like religion or caste. This ensures fairness.
Which of the following is considered 'traffic in human beings'?
- A Buying and selling goods
- B Signing labor contracts
- C Formal employment agreements
- D Buying and selling of persons
Correct answer: Buying and selling of persons
Traffic in human beings refers to buying and selling of persons. It includes practices like slavery and prostitution. Article 23 strictly prohibits it.
Which Supreme Court case held that payment below minimum wages amounts to forced labor?
- A Kesavananda Bharati Case
- B Maneka Gandhi Case
- C PUDR vs Union of India
- D Minerva Mills Case
Correct answer: PUDR vs Union of India
In PUDR vs Union of India, the Court held that paying below minimum wages is forced labor. It violates Article 23. It broadened the scope of protection.
The Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act was amended in which year to strengthen provisions?
- A 2005
- B 2010
- C 2016
- D 2018
Correct answer: 2016
The Act was amended in 2016. It prohibited employment of children below 14 years in all occupations except certain exceptions. It strengthened child protection laws.
Under Article 24, child labor is prohibited in:
- A All economic sectors
- B Only in agriculture
- C Hazardous industries
- D Only private homes
Correct answer: Hazardous industries
Article 24 prohibits child labor in hazardous industries like factories and mines. It focuses on protecting children from dangerous work. It ensures their safety.
Which of the following is NOT covered under Article 23?
- A Human trafficking
- B Begar
- C Child labor
- D Forced labor
Correct answer: Child labor
Child labor is specifically addressed under Article 24, not Article 23. Article 23 deals with forced labor and trafficking. Each Article has distinct scope.
Which of the following systems is abolished under Article 23?
- A Zamindari system
- B Reservation system
- C Federal system
- D Devadasi system
Correct answer: Devadasi system
The Devadasi system is considered a form of exploitation. It falls under trafficking and forced labor. Article 23 abolishes such practices.
The Right against Exploitation aims to:
- A Promote trade and industry
- B Increase employment opportunities
- C Control population growth
- D Ensure dignity of individuals
Correct answer: Ensure dignity of individuals
This right aims to ensure dignity and freedom from exploitation. It protects individuals from inhuman practices. It is essential for human rights.
Which authority enforces the Right against Exploitation?
- A Legislature through debates and votes
- B Executive through orders
- C Local bodies through rules
- D Judiciary through the courts
Correct answer: Judiciary through the courts
Courts enforce fundamental rights including this right. Individuals can approach courts for violations. This ensures justice.
Which of the following is a punishment for employing child labor under law?
- A Fine imposed by the court
- B Imprisonment for a term
- C Fine and/or imprisonment
- D No punishment under the law
Correct answer: Fine and/or imprisonment
Employing child labor can lead to fine and/or imprisonment. This acts as a deterrent. It ensures compliance with the law.
Which category of children can work under certain conditions after the 2016 amendment?
- A Below 10 years
- B Below 18 years in factories
- C All children
- D Below 14 years in family enterprises
Correct answer: Below 14 years in family enterprises
Children below 14 can work in family enterprises under conditions. This is an exception under the 2016 amendment. However, it is regulated.
Which of the following best describes Article 24?
- A Prohibits all forms of forced and bonded labor
- B Provides free and compulsory elementary education
- C Ensures equality before the law
- D Prohibits child labor in hazardous jobs
Correct answer: Prohibits child labor in hazardous jobs
Article 24 specifically prohibits child labor in hazardous jobs. It protects children from exploitation. It ensures their development.
Which of the following is the main focus of Right against Exploitation?
- A Economic growth and prosperity
- B Political rights and fair representation
- C Religious freedom and practice
- D Human dignity and protection from abuse
Correct answer: Human dignity and protection from abuse
The main focus is to protect human dignity and prevent exploitation. It safeguards individuals from forced labor and trafficking. It is a key fundamental right.