Article 19 Practice Questions
20 free Article 19 practice questions for the Indian Polity. Tap an option to answer — you get instant feedback, the correct answer, and a detailed explanation for every question.
Article 19 of the Indian Constitution guarantees freedoms to which category of persons?
- A All persons including foreigners
- B Only citizens of India
- C Residents of India
- D Only government employees
Correct answer: Only citizens of India
Article 19 guarantees certain freedoms exclusively to citizens of India. Foreigners are not entitled to these rights under this Article.
How many freedoms are currently guaranteed under Article 19(1)?
- A Five
- B Six
- C Seven
- D Eight
Correct answer: Six
Article 19(1) presently guarantees six freedoms. Originally there were seven, but the right to property was removed by the 44th Amendment.
Which freedom under Article 19(1) was removed by the 44th Constitutional Amendment?
- A Freedom of speech and expression
- B Freedom to assemble
- C Freedom to acquire, hold and dispose of property
- D Freedom to practice any profession
Correct answer: Freedom to acquire, hold and dispose of property
The 44th Amendment Act, 1978 removed the right to property from Article 19(1). It was made a legal right under Article 300A.
Reasonable restrictions on freedom of speech and expression are provided under which clause?
- A Article 19(2)
- B Article 19(3)
- C Article 19(4)
- D Article 19(5)
Correct answer: Article 19(2)
Article 19(2) allows the State to impose reasonable restrictions on freedom of speech and expression. These restrictions are based on grounds such as public order and sovereignty.
Which of the following is NOT a ground for restricting freedom of speech under Article 19(2)?
- A Public order
- B Defamation
- C Friendly relations with foreign states
- D Economic policy differences
Correct answer: Economic policy differences
Article 19(2) lists specific grounds like public order and defamation. Economic policy differences are not a constitutionally recognized ground for restriction.
Freedom to assemble peacefully and without arms is guaranteed under:
- A Article 19(1)(a)
- B Article 19(1)(b)
- C Article 19(1)(c)
- D Article 19(1)(d)
Correct answer: Article 19(1)(b)
Article 19(1)(b) guarantees citizens the right to assemble peacefully and without arms. This right is subject to reasonable restrictions under Article 19(3).
Freedom to form associations or unions is provided under:
- A Article 19(1)(a)
- B Article 19(1)(b)
- C Article 19(1)(c)
- D Article 19(1)(g)
Correct answer: Article 19(1)(c)
Article 19(1)(c) guarantees the right to form associations, unions, or cooperative societies. It is essential for collective action and democratic participation.
Restrictions on freedom of movement under Article 19(5) can be imposed in the interest of:
- A Judicial supremacy
- B General public or protection of Scheduled Tribes
- C Revenue collection
- D Foreign investment
Correct answer: General public or protection of Scheduled Tribes
Article 19(5) allows reasonable restrictions in the interest of the general public or for protection of Scheduled Tribes. It ensures balanced exercise of freedoms.
Freedom to practice any profession or carry on any occupation is guaranteed under:
- A Article 19(1)(d)
- B Article 19(1)(e)
- C Article 19(1)(f)
- D Article 19(1)(g)
Correct answer: Article 19(1)(g)
Article 19(1)(g) guarantees the freedom to practice any profession or carry on any occupation, trade, or business. It is subject to reasonable restrictions under Article 19(6).
Which amendment added the words 'sovereignty and integrity of India' as a ground for restriction under Article 19(2)?
- A 1st Amendment
- B 16th Amendment
- C 42nd Amendment
- D 44th Amendment
Correct answer: 16th Amendment
The 16th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1963 added 'sovereignty and integrity of India' as a ground for imposing restrictions on certain freedoms under Article 19.
The First Constitutional Amendment primarily affected which aspect of Article 19?
- A Right to property
- B Freedom of speech restrictions
- C Freedom of movement
- D Freedom to form associations
Correct answer: Freedom of speech restrictions
The First Amendment Act, 1951 expanded the grounds for restricting freedom of speech and expression. It introduced terms like public order and friendly relations with foreign states.
Freedom of speech and expression includes which of the following as per judicial interpretation?
- A Right to remain silent
- B Right to commit defamation
- C Right to violent protest
- D Right to incite rebellion
Correct answer: Right to remain silent
The Supreme Court has interpreted freedom of speech to include the right to remain silent. However, it does not protect defamation or incitement to violence.
Which clause of Article 19 deals with reasonable restrictions on forming associations?
- A Article 19(3)
- B Article 19(4)
- C Article 19(5)
- D Article 19(6)
Correct answer: Article 19(4)
Article 19(4) allows the State to impose reasonable restrictions on the freedom to form associations. Grounds include sovereignty, integrity, and public order.
Freedom to reside and settle in any part of India is guaranteed under:
- A Article 19(1)(d)
- B Article 19(1)(e)
- C Article 19(1)(f)
- D Article 19(1)(g)
Correct answer: Article 19(1)(e)
Article 19(1)(e) guarantees citizens the right to reside and settle in any part of the territory of India. This right is subject to reasonable restrictions under Article 19(5).
Which rights are automatically suspended during a National Emergency declared on grounds of war or external aggression?
- A All Fundamental Rights
- B Only Article 19 rights
- C Articles 20 and 21
- D Directive Principles
Correct answer: Only Article 19 rights
Under Article 358, freedoms under Article 19 are automatically suspended during a National Emergency declared on grounds of war or external aggression.
Article 19(6) allows the State to:
- A Abolish professions
- B Nationalize industries
- C Restrict freedom of trade and business
- D Suspend judicial review
Correct answer: Restrict freedom of trade and business
Article 19(6) permits reasonable restrictions on freedom of trade and profession in the interest of the general public. It allows state monopolies and business regulation.
Which freedom under Article 19 is most closely linked with the concept of democracy?
- A Freedom of movement
- B Right to speech and expression
- C Freedom of profession
- D Freedom to reside and travel
Correct answer: Right to speech and expression
Freedom of speech and expression is central to democracy as it enables debate, dissent, and participation in public affairs. It ensures accountability of the government.
Which of the following is protected under Article 19(1)(a)?
- A Right to property
- B Freedom of the press
- C Right against exploitation
- D Right to constitutional remedies
Correct answer: Freedom of the press
Though not explicitly mentioned, the Supreme Court has interpreted freedom of speech and expression to include freedom of the press under Article 19(1)(a).
Which constitutional principle ensures that restrictions under Article 19 must not be arbitrary?
- A Doctrine of basic structure
- B Principle of reasonableness
- C Parliamentary sovereignty
- D Collective responsibility
Correct answer: Principle of reasonableness
Restrictions under Article 19 must be reasonable. Courts examine whether restrictions are proportionate and justified under the principle of reasonableness.
Which of the following freedoms under Article 19 is subject to restrictions in the interest of decency or morality?
- A Speech and expression rights
- B Freedom of profession only
- C Freedom of movement only
- D Freedom of residence only
Correct answer: Speech and expression rights
Article 19(2) allows reasonable restrictions on freedom of speech and expression in the interest of decency or morality. This ensures protection of societal values.