Gross Anatomy and Embryology

Anatomical variants Practice Questions

20 free Anatomical variants practice questions for the USMLE Step 1, each with the correct answer and a detailed explanation. Open any question below, or take the full set as an interactive quiz.

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All Anatomical variants questions

20 questions
  1. Q1. During a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, a surgeon identifies an accessory bile duct draining directly into the gallbladder. This is most consistent with which a…
  2. Q2. A CT scan reveals a right-sided aortic arch in an asymptomatic adult. This variant most commonly results from persistence of which embryologic structure?
  3. Q3. An MRI shows a duplicated inferior vena cava (IVC). This finding results from persistence of which structure?
  4. Q4. A patient is found to have an arcuate uterus during evaluation for infertility. This variant is due to incomplete resorption of which embryologic structure?
  5. Q5. A surgeon notes that the right renal artery passes anterior to the IVC instead of posterior. This represents which vascular variant?
  6. Q6. Ultrasound reveals a retroesophageal right subclavian artery (arteria lusoria). Patients with this variant may present with which symptom?
  7. Q7. A patient undergoing MRI is found to have a horseshoe kidney. This occurs due to fusion of the kidneys at which location?
  8. Q8. A neonate has a persistent median artery supplying the forearm. This artery is a remnant of which developmental vessel?
  9. Q9. A surgeon encounters an accessory spleen during a splenectomy. Where is the most common location for this structure?
  10. Q10. An abdominal CT reveals a retroaortic left renal vein. This variant predisposes to which condition?
  11. Q11. A patient has a tracheal bronchus arising directly from the trachea. This variant is most likely to affect which lung region?
  12. Q12. A patient has absence of the palmaris longus tendon bilaterally. This variant most commonly affects which action?
  13. Q13. During pelvic surgery, the surgeon notes an obturator artery arising from the inferior epigastric artery. This is referred to as which variant?
  14. Q14. Imaging reveals a duplicated ureter on the right side. This is due to duplication of which embryologic structure?
  15. Q15. A patient is diagnosed with pectus excavatum. This chest wall variant involves abnormal development of which structure?
  16. Q16. During carotid surgery, the surgeon encounters a high carotid bifurcation at the level of the hyoid bone. This variation affects which anatomical landmark?
  17. Q17. A CT scan identifies a persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC). This venous variant most commonly drains into which structure?
  18. Q18. A patient has a cervical rib arising from C7. This variant increases risk for which condition?
  19. Q19. Imaging reveals a Meckel diverticulum. This anomaly results from incomplete obliteration of which structure?
  20. Q20. A patient is found to have a bifid (split) median nerve at the wrist. This variant is most clinically associated with which condition?