Evolution and speciation · USMLE Step 1

Which phenomenon can lead to loss of genetic variation and increase the probability of fixation of deleterious alleles in small populations?

  1. Gene flow
  2. Natural selection favoring heterozygotes
  3. Genetic drift (bottleneck effect)
  4. Adaptive radiation
Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: Genetic drift (bottleneck effect)

A population bottleneck — a sharp reduction in population size — increases the impact of genetic drift, which can randomly fix alleles (even deleterious ones) and reduce genetic variation.

Difficulty: Medium Question 12 of 20

Practice all 20 Evolution and speciation questions

Keep practicing

More Evolution and speciation questions