Constitutional Convention and Compromises · US History

How did the convention address the issue of the national court system?

  1. It established the Supreme Court and left the creation of lower courts to Congress
  2. It gave each state the right to operate its own supreme court with no federal oversight
  3. It required all legal cases to be heard by the President
  4. It banned the use of juries in federal trials
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Correct answer: It established the Supreme Court and left the creation of lower courts to Congress

Article III created the Supreme Court but was intentionally vague about the rest of the judiciary. This allowed the first Congress to pass the Judiciary Act of 1789, which structured the federal court system we recognize today.

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