Thermoregulation · Physiology

Shivering during cold exposure primarily increases body temperature by:

  1. Reducing conductive heat loss from the skin surface
  2. Increasing the resting basal metabolic rate
  3. Involuntary rhythmic muscle contractions
  4. Enhancing widespread peripheral vasoconstriction
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Correct answer: Involuntary rhythmic muscle contractions

Shivering generates heat through rapid, involuntary muscle contractions. This increases metabolic heat production to raise core temperature.

Difficulty: Medium Question 4 of 20

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