Shock and heart failure · Physiology

Which symptom is most characteristic of acute left heart failure?

  1. Peripheral edema
  2. Orthopnea
  3. Ascites
  4. Splenomegaly
Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: Orthopnea

Orthopnea occurs due to pulmonary congestion when lying flat. It is a hallmark of left-sided heart failure.

Difficulty: Medium Question 16 of 20

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