Acid-Base Disorders · Pharmacology

Which of the following arterial blood gas findings is consistent with primary metabolic acidosis?

  1. Low pH and low bicarbonate
  2. Low pH and high bicarbonate
  3. High pH and low PaCO2
  4. High pH and high bicarbonate
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Correct answer: Low pH and low bicarbonate

Primary metabolic acidosis is characterized by decreased bicarbonate (HCO3−) leading to a low blood pH. The primary disturbance is metabolic rather than respiratory. Respiratory compensation may reduce PaCO2, but bicarbonate remains low.

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