The 'Apt Test' (fecal hemoglobin alkali denaturation test) is used in neonates to distinguish between:
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Correct answer: Fetal blood and swallowed maternal blood
The Apt test utilizes the fact that fetal hemoglobin (HbF) is resistant to alkali (NaOH) denaturation, while adult hemoglobin (HbA) is not. If the stool/vomit remains pink after adding alkali, it indicates the presence of HbF, implying the blood belongs to the neonate.
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