Pediatric Nursing

Pediatric Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances Practice Questions

23 free Pediatric Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances practice questions for the NCLEX Exam, each with the correct answer and a detailed explanation. Open any question below, or take the full set as an interactive quiz.

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All Pediatric Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances questions

23 questions
  1. Q1. A 4-year-old child receiving maintenance IV fluids is ordered 0.45% sodium chloride at full maintenance rate. The nurse recognises a risk when the child’s seru…
  2. Q2. Which key nursing assessment is especially important in young children because of their higher insensible fluid losses through skin and lungs?
  3. Q3. In managing a child with hypernatremic dehydration, the nurse knows that the serum sodium must be corrected:
  4. Q4. A toddler presents with weight loss equal to 5% of body weight, delayed capillary refill, and urine output less than normal. According to pediatric dehydration…
  5. Q5. During fluid therapy for a dehydrated child, monitoring which of the following is most useful to assess ongoing fluid balance?
  6. Q6. A child with hyperkalemia is most at risk for which major complication?
  7. Q7. Which finding is most consistent with severe dehydration in children?
  8. Q8. Why is the isotonic solution preferred over a hypotonic one for a child with vomiting and diarrhea?
  9. Q9. Which characteristic of infants makes them more vulnerable to fluid and electrolyte disturbances than older children?
  10. Q10. Using the Holliday-Segar formula, what is the approximate maintenance fluid requirement per day for a 10-kg child who has had vomiting and poor intake for two…
  11. Q11. Why is potassium replacement critical even before insulin therapy in a child with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?
  12. Q12. Which statement is correct regarding fluid correction for a 2-year-old child with hypernatremia (serum sodium 156 mEq/L)?
  13. Q13. In a child with prolonged diarrhea, which electrolyte losses are most important to replace in this pediatric scenario?
  14. Q14. What is correct for moderate dehydration in a child in terms of percent weight loss?
  15. Q15. Which factor in infants may contribute to a falsely elevated potassium reading when suspecting pseudohyperkalemia?
  16. Q16. Why are insensible and wound fluid losses included when calculating fluid replacement for a child with severe burns?
  17. Q17. In a child with pyloric stenosis and resultant metabolic alkalosis, which electrolyte disturbance is most likely to be seen?
  18. Q18. When assessing a child for dehydration, which physical sign needs cautious interpretation compared to adults?
  19. Q19. Which electrolyte does the nurse particularly monitor in a child with congestive heart failure when loop diuretics are used?
  20. Q20. Why is potassium replacement still likely needed even if a child with DKA has an initial potassium level of 5.8 mEq/L?
  21. Q21. Why is potassium replacement critical even before insulin therapy in a child with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?
  22. Q22. Which complication is a 6-month‐old infant at risk for if found to have hyponatremia after receiving excessive hypotonic IV fluids?
  23. Q23. What should be the rates of ORT for a child with moderate dehydration after gastroenteritis?