Bryophyte Life Cycle and Adaptations · NCERT Biology

Why are bryophytes often referred to as the 'amphibians of the plant kingdom'?

  1. They can live both in fresh water and sea water.
  2. They live in soil but are dependent on water for sexual reproduction.
  3. They have a vascular system similar to aquatic animals.
  4. They can switch between autotrophic and heterotrophic modes of nutrition.
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Correct answer: They live in soil but are dependent on water for sexual reproduction.

Bryophytes are called amphibians because while they inhabit terrestrial environments (shady, humid localities), they require a film of water for the transfer of motile male gametes to the female organ.

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