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Cell: The Unit of Life

Cell Organelles Practice Questions

17 free Cell Organelles practice questions for the NCERT Biology. Tap an option to answer — you get instant feedback, the correct answer, and a detailed explanation for every question.

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Question 1 of 17 Medium

Which of the following cell organelles is often referred to as the 'powerhouse of the cell' due to its role in ATP production?

  1. A Golgi apparatus
  2. B Lysosome
  3. C Mitochondria
  4. D Endoplasmic reticulum

Correct answer: Mitochondria

Mitochondria are the sites of aerobic respiration. They produce cellular energy in the form of ATP, which is why they are called the powerhouses of the cell.

Question 2 of 17 Medium

The inner membrane of mitochondria forms a number of infoldings called:

  1. A Cisternae
  2. B Grana
  3. C Thylakoids
  4. D Cristae

Correct answer: Cristae

The inner mitochondrial membrane folded into cristae increases the surface area for enzyme-driven reactions. This is a characteristic feature used to distinguish them from the Golgi cisternae.

Question 3 of 17 Medium

Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis of lipids and steroid hormones in animal cells?

  1. A Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)
  2. B Golgi apparatus complex
  3. C Lysosomal vesicles
  4. D Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Correct answer: Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

The Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) lacks ribosomes and is the major site for lipid synthesis. In animal cells, lipid-like steroidal hormones are also synthesized in the SER.

Question 4 of 17 Medium

The Golgi apparatus is involved in the formation of which of the following?

  1. A Mitochondria and Ribosomes
  2. B Chloroplasts and Thylakoids
  3. C Peroxisomes and Vacuoles
  4. D Lysosomes and Glycoproteins

Correct answer: Lysosomes and Glycoproteins

The Golgi apparatus is the important site for the formation of glycoproteins and glycolipids. It is also involved in the packaging of materials into lysosomes.

Question 5 of 17 Medium

In chloroplasts, the space limited by the inner membrane is called the:

  1. A Matrix
  2. B Lumen
  3. C Stroma
  4. D Cristae

Correct answer: Stroma

The fluid-filled space within the inner membrane of the chloroplast is called the stroma. It contains enzymes required for the synthesis of carbohydrates and proteins.

Question 6 of 17 Medium

The flattened membranous sacs present in the stroma of chloroplasts are known as:

  1. A Thylakoids
  2. B Cisternae
  3. C Stroma lamellae
  4. D Grana

Correct answer: Thylakoids

Thylakoids are organized in stacks called grana. The chlorophyll pigments are located within these thylakoid membranes.

Question 7 of 17 Medium

Which organelle is physically continuous with the outer membrane of the nucleus?

  1. A Golgi apparatus complex
  2. B Mitochondria
  3. C Endoplasmic Reticulum
  4. D Lysosomes

Correct answer: Endoplasmic Reticulum

The Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) is a network of tiny tubular structures scattered in the cytoplasm. The RER is frequently observed to be continuous with the outer nuclear membrane.

Question 8 of 17 Medium

Camillo Golgi first observed densely stained reticular structures near the nucleus, which were later named after him. These consist of flat, disc-shaped sacs called:

  1. A Thylakoids
  2. B Cristae
  3. C Vesicles
  4. D Cisternae

Correct answer: Cisternae

Cisternae are the stacked, parallel structures that make up the Golgi body. They have a diameter of 0.5µm to 1.0µm and are concentrically arranged.

Question 9 of 17 Medium

The 'cis' and 'trans' faces of the Golgi apparatus are respectively:

  1. A Forming and Maturing faces
  2. B Maturing and Forming faces
  3. C Both are maturing faces
  4. D Both are forming faces

Correct answer: Forming and Maturing faces

The convex 'cis' face is the forming face oriented toward the nucleus, while the concave 'trans' face is the maturing face. Although different, these faces are interconnected.

Question 10 of 17 Medium

Which of the following organelles is NOT considered part of the endomembrane system?

  1. A Golgi apparatus
  2. B Lysosomes
  3. C Vacuoles
  4. D Mitochondria

Correct answer: Mitochondria

The endomembrane system includes ER, Golgi, lysosomes, and vacuoles because their functions are coordinated. Mitochondria, chloroplasts, and peroxisomes are not part of this system.

Question 11 of 17 Medium

In plant cells, the vacuole can occupy up to what percentage of the volume of the cell?

  1. A 10%
  2. B 50%
  3. C 25%
  4. D 90%

Correct answer: 90%

In many plant cells, a large central vacuole can occupy up to 90 percent of the cell volume. It serves as a storage area for water, sap, and excretory products.

Question 12 of 17 Medium

The membrane that bounds the vacuole is called the:

  1. A Tonoplast
  2. B Plasma membrane
  3. C Pellicle
  4. D Cell wall

Correct answer: Tonoplast

The tonoplast is the single membrane that encloses the vacuole. In plants, it facilitates the transport of a number of ions against concentration gradients into the vacuole.

Question 13 of 17 Medium

70S ribosomes are found in which of the following organelles in a eukaryotic cell?

  1. A Mitochondria and Chloroplasts
  2. B Endoplasmic Reticulum and Golgi
  3. C Lysosomes and Vacuoles
  4. D Found only in the cytoplasm

Correct answer: Mitochondria and Chloroplasts

While eukaryotic cells have 80S ribosomes in the cytoplasm, their semi-autonomous organelles (mitochondria and chloroplasts) contain 70S ribosomes, similar to prokaryotes.

Question 14 of 17 Medium

Which of the following organelles is double membrane-bound?

  1. A Lysosome
  2. B Vacuole
  3. C Mitochondria
  4. D Golgi apparatus

Correct answer: Mitochondria

Mitochondria and chloroplasts are double membrane-bound organelles. Lysosomes, vacuoles, and the Golgi apparatus are bounded by a single membrane.

Question 15 of 17 Medium

The main function of the Golgi apparatus is:

  1. A Intracellular digestion
  2. B Packaging of materials
  3. C Storage of water
  4. D Light absorption

Correct answer: Packaging of materials

The Golgi apparatus principally performs the function of packaging materials, to be delivered either to intra-cellular targets or secreted outside the cell.

Question 16 of 17 Medium

In Amoeba, the contractile vacuole is important for:

  1. A Digestion of food
  2. B Excretion and Osmoregulation
  3. C Locomotion
  4. D Storage of nutrients and salts

Correct answer: Excretion and Osmoregulation

The contractile vacuole in Amoeba helps in discharging excess water and metabolic wastes from the body, thus regulating osmotic pressure.

Question 17 of 17 Medium

Which organelle contains enzymes that can digest carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids?

  1. A Golgi apparatus
  2. B Lysosomes
  3. C Smooth ER
  4. D Chloroplasts

Correct answer: Lysosomes

Lysosomes are the digestive compartments of the cell. Their hydrolytic enzymes are capable of breaking down almost all types of organic polymers.

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