Respiratory Adaptations: Altitude and Diving · NCERT Biology

At high altitudes, the primary respiratory challenge faced by humans is:

  1. Increased carbon dioxide concentration in the surrounding air
  2. Low atmospheric oxygen partial pressure
  3. High air density making breathing more effortful
  4. Excess moisture content reducing air quality
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Correct answer: Low atmospheric oxygen partial pressure

At high altitudes, the partial pressure of oxygen is low, reducing oxygen diffusion into blood. This leads to hypoxia unless adaptive mechanisms compensate.

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