Modern Trends in Classification · NCERT Biology

In modern taxonomy, the 'molecular clock' hypothesis is used to estimate:

  1. The time taken for a cell to divide
  2. The time since two species diverged from a common ancestor
  3. The age of a fossil using carbon dating
  4. The lifespan of an individual organism
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Correct answer: The time since two species diverged from a common ancestor

The molecular clock hypothesis suggests that DNA and protein sequences evolve at a relatively constant rate. By counting mutations, scientists can estimate when two lineages last shared a common ancestor.

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