Vertebrate and Invertebrate Systems · NCERT Biology

In most invertebrates, respiration occurs primarily through:

  1. Lungs, like in terrestrial mammals
  2. Gills only, as in fish
  3. Body surface or specialized structures
  4. Alveoli, as in bird lungs
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Correct answer: Body surface or specialized structures

Many invertebrates respire through their body surface or structures like tracheae or gills. Lungs are characteristic of terrestrial vertebrates.

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