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Virology

Antiviral Drugs Practice Questions

19 free Antiviral Drugs practice questions for the Microbiology. Tap an option to answer — you get instant feedback, the correct answer, and a detailed explanation for every question.

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Question 1 of 19 Medium

Which antiviral drug is commonly used as the first-line treatment for herpes simplex virus infections?

  1. A Acyclovir
  2. B Ribavirin
  3. C Oseltamivir
  4. D Zidovudine

Correct answer: Acyclovir

Acyclovir is widely used to treat herpes simplex virus infections. It is activated by viral thymidine kinase and inhibits viral DNA polymerase, preventing viral replication.

Question 2 of 19 Medium

Which antiviral drug is a neuraminidase inhibitor used to treat influenza?

  1. A Oseltamivir
  2. B Acyclovir
  3. C Lamivudine
  4. D Ganciclovir

Correct answer: Oseltamivir

Oseltamivir inhibits the viral neuraminidase enzyme, preventing release of new influenza virus particles from infected cells. This reduces viral spread in the respiratory tract.

Question 3 of 19 Medium

Which antiviral drug is used in the treatment of cytomegalovirus infections?

  1. A Ganciclovir
  2. B Valacyclovir
  3. C Acyclovir
  4. D Ribavirin

Correct answer: Ganciclovir

Ganciclovir is an antiviral drug effective against cytomegalovirus (CMV). It inhibits viral DNA polymerase after activation within infected cells.

Question 4 of 19 Medium

Which antiviral drug acts as a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) in HIV therapy?

  1. A Zidovudine
  2. B Oseltamivir
  3. C Acyclovir
  4. D Rimantadine

Correct answer: Zidovudine

Zidovudine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used in HIV treatment. It blocks the reverse transcriptase enzyme required for viral RNA to DNA conversion.

Question 5 of 19 Medium

Which antiviral drug is commonly used to treat hepatitis B infection?

  1. A Acyclovir
  2. B Oseltamivir
  3. C Lamivudine
  4. D Amantadine

Correct answer: Lamivudine

Lamivudine is a nucleoside analogue used to treat hepatitis B infection. It inhibits viral DNA polymerase and reduces viral replication.

Question 6 of 19 Medium

Which antiviral drug was previously used to treat influenza A by inhibiting viral uncoating?

  1. A Amantadine
  2. B Acyclovir
  3. C Ribavirin
  4. D Zidovudine

Correct answer: Amantadine

Amantadine blocks the M2 ion channel of influenza A virus, preventing viral uncoating. However, its use has declined due to widespread resistance.

Question 7 of 19 Medium

Which antiviral drug is used to treat hepatitis C infection as part of combination therapy?

  1. A Ribavirin
  2. B Oseltamivir
  3. C Acyclovir
  4. D Lamivudine

Correct answer: Ribavirin

Ribavirin is a broad-spectrum antiviral drug often used in combination therapy for hepatitis C. It interferes with viral RNA synthesis and replication.

Question 8 of 19 Medium

Which antiviral drug is a protease inhibitor used in HIV therapy?

  1. A Ritonavir
  2. B Acyclovir
  3. C Oseltamivir
  4. D Ribavirin

Correct answer: Ritonavir

Ritonavir inhibits the HIV protease enzyme required for viral maturation. This prevents the formation of infectious viral particles.

Question 9 of 19 Medium

Which antiviral drug is used as prophylaxis and treatment for influenza B infections?

  1. A Oseltamivir
  2. B Amantadine
  3. C Rimantadine
  4. D Acyclovir

Correct answer: Oseltamivir

Oseltamivir inhibits neuraminidase and is effective against both influenza A and B viruses. It is used for treatment and prevention during outbreaks.

Question 10 of 19 Medium

Which mechanism best describes how acyclovir inhibits viral replication?

  1. A Inhibition of viral DNA polymerase
  2. B Blocking viral protein synthesis
  3. C Inhibiting viral envelope formation
  4. D Blocking viral RNA transcription

Correct answer: Inhibition of viral DNA polymerase

Acyclovir is converted to its active form in infected cells and inhibits viral DNA polymerase. This prevents elongation of viral DNA chains.

Question 11 of 19 Medium

Which antiviral drug is used to treat respiratory syncytial virus infections?

  1. A Ribavirin
  2. B Oseltamivir
  3. C Abacavir
  4. D Ganciclovir

Correct answer: Ribavirin

Ribavirin is sometimes used to treat severe respiratory syncytial virus infections. It works by interfering with viral RNA synthesis.

Question 12 of 19 Medium

Which antiviral drug is used to treat herpes zoster (shingles)?

  1. A Acyclovir
  2. B Oseltamivir
  3. C Lamivudine
  4. D Ritonavir

Correct answer: Acyclovir

Acyclovir is effective against herpes viruses including herpes zoster. It reduces viral replication and shortens disease duration.

Question 13 of 19 Medium

Which class of antiviral drugs blocks the reverse transcriptase enzyme in HIV?

  1. A Neuraminidase inhibitors used against influenza
  2. B Aspartyl protease inhibitors
  3. C Integrase strand transfer inhibitors
  4. D Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors

Correct answer: Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors

Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors mimic natural nucleotides and are incorporated into viral DNA. This stops DNA synthesis by the reverse transcriptase enzyme.

Question 14 of 19 Medium

Which antiviral drug may cause bone marrow suppression as an adverse effect?

  1. A Oseltamivir
  2. B Amantadine
  3. C Lamivudine
  4. D Ganciclovir

Correct answer: Ganciclovir

Ganciclovir is associated with bone marrow suppression, leading to neutropenia and anemia. This adverse effect requires careful monitoring.

Question 15 of 19 Medium

Which viral enzyme is targeted by oseltamivir and zanamivir?

  1. A Reverse transcriptase
  2. B DNA polymerase
  3. C Protease
  4. D Neuraminidase

Correct answer: Neuraminidase

Oseltamivir and zanamivir bind the neuraminidase enzyme on the surface of influenza viruses. Blocking it prevents newly formed viral particles from being released from infected cells.

Question 16 of 19 Medium

Which antiviral drug is commonly used in combination antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection?

  1. A Acyclovir
  2. B Ribavirin
  3. C Oseltamivir
  4. D Zidovudine

Correct answer: Zidovudine

Zidovudine is often used as part of combination antiretroviral therapy. Combining drugs helps suppress viral replication and prevents resistance.

Question 17 of 19 Medium

Which stage of the viral life cycle is targeted by protease inhibitors?

  1. A Viral attachment
  2. B Viral entry
  3. C Viral maturation
  4. D Viral transcription

Correct answer: Viral maturation

Protease inhibitors block the viral protease enzyme required for processing viral proteins. This prevents maturation of infectious viral particles.

Question 18 of 19 Medium

Which antiviral drug class prevents HIV proviral DNA from being inserted into the host cell genome?

  1. A Neuraminidase inhibitors
  2. B Protease inhibitors
  3. C Integrase inhibitors
  4. D Reverse transcriptase inhibitors

Correct answer: Integrase inhibitors

Integrase inhibitors block the integrase enzyme used by HIV to insert its DNA into the host genome. This prevents viral replication in infected cells.

Question 19 of 19 Medium

What is the main challenge in antiviral drug therapy compared to antibacterial therapy?

  1. A Viruses have rigid protective cell walls
  2. B Viruses produce toxins that damage tissue
  3. C Viruses replicate inside host cells
  4. D Viruses require oxygen to survive

Correct answer: Viruses replicate inside host cells

Viruses replicate inside host cells, making it difficult to target them without harming host cells. This limits the number of safe antiviral drug targets.

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