Hormones Practice Questions
17 free Hormones practice questions for the General Science. Tap an option to answer — you get instant feedback, the correct answer, and a detailed explanation for every question.
What are hormones?
- A Chemical messengers made by glands
- B Enzymes that digest food in the gut
- C Cells that carry oxygen in blood
- D Minerals dissolved in the bloodstream
Correct answer: Chemical messengers made by glands
Hormones are chemical signals secreted by endocrine glands. They travel in the bloodstream to distant target organs, where they regulate functions such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction.
Which hormone regulates blood glucose levels?
- A Insulin
- B Leptin
- C Thyroxine
- D Melatonin
Correct answer: Insulin
Insulin is secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas and lowers blood sugar by helping cells take up glucose from the blood.
Which gland produces the hormone thyroxine?
- A Pancreas
- B Pituitary gland
- C Adrenal gland
- D Thyroid gland
Correct answer: Thyroid gland
The thyroid gland produces thyroxine, which regulates metabolism, growth, and development of the body.
Which hormone prepares the body for emergency situations such as stress or danger?
- A Adrenaline
- B Growth hormone
- C Thyroxine
- D Melatonin
Correct answer: Adrenaline
Adrenaline, also called epinephrine, is released by the adrenal medulla in the fight-or-flight response. It raises heart rate, blood pressure, and the supply of energy to the muscles.
Which gland secretes insulin?
- A Thyroid gland
- B Liver
- C Adrenal gland
- D Pancreas
Correct answer: Pancreas
Insulin is produced by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. The hormone keeps blood sugar within its normal range.
Which hormone controls the sleep-wake cycle in humans?
- A Melatonin
- B Insulin
- C Adrenaline
- D Thyroxine
Correct answer: Melatonin
Melatonin is produced by the pineal gland and helps regulate the body's circadian rhythm, including the sleep-wake cycle.
Which gland produces adrenaline?
- A Pancreas
- B Thyroid gland
- C Adrenal gland
- D Pituitary gland
Correct answer: Adrenal gland
Adrenal glands, located above the kidneys, produce adrenaline. This hormone helps the body respond to stress and emergencies.
Excess secretion of which hormone during childhood leads to gigantism?
- A Growth hormone
- B Parathyroid hormone
- C Melatonin
- D Thyroxine
Correct answer: Growth hormone
Growth hormone from the anterior pituitary drives the growth of bones and soft tissue. Over-secretion before the growth plates close produces gigantism, while a shortage causes stunted growth.
Which gland is responsible for producing melatonin?
- A Pineal gland
- B Pituitary gland
- C Thymus
- D Adrenal gland
Correct answer: Pineal gland
Melatonin is secreted by the pineal gland deep in the brain, mostly in darkness. It sets the circadian rhythm and controls the timing of sleep.
Which hormone helps regulate metabolism in the body?
- A Melatonin
- B Insulin
- C Adrenaline
- D Thyroxine
Correct answer: Thyroxine
Thyroxine regulates metabolic processes in the body. It influences how quickly cells convert nutrients into energy.
Which endocrine gland is located at the base of the brain?
- A Thyroid gland
- B Parathyroid gland
- C Adrenal gland
- D Pituitary gland
Correct answer: Pituitary gland
The pituitary gland hangs from the hypothalamus at the base of the brain. Its hormones direct several other endocrine glands, which is why it is called the master gland.
Which hormone is secreted by the adrenal cortex to help regulate metabolism and stress response?
- A Melatonin
- B Insulin
- C Cortisol
- D Thyroxine
Correct answer: Cortisol
Cortisol is produced by the adrenal cortex and helps regulate metabolism, immune responses, and stress reactions.
Which hormone promotes the development of female reproductive organs and secondary sexual characteristics?
- A Testosterone
- B Insulin
- C Estrogen
- D Melatonin
Correct answer: Estrogen
Estrogen is produced by the ovaries and is responsible for female reproductive development and secondary sexual characteristics.
Which hormone promotes the development of male reproductive organs and characteristics?
- A Estrogen
- B Luteinizing hormone
- C Testosterone
- D Melatonin
Correct answer: Testosterone
Testosterone is secreted mainly by the testes and directly drives the development of the male reproductive organs and secondary sexual characteristics such as facial hair and a deeper voice.
Which endocrine gland secretes the hormone that raises the level of calcium in the blood?
- A Parathyroid gland
- B Thyroid gland
- C Anterior pituitary gland
- D Adrenal cortex
Correct answer: Parathyroid gland
The parathyroid glands release parathyroid hormone, which raises blood calcium by drawing it from bone, increasing reabsorption in the kidneys and boosting absorption in the intestine. Calcitonin from the thyroid has the opposite effect.
Which system of the body produces and releases hormones?
- A Endocrine system
- B Digestive system
- C Respiratory system
- D Skeletal system
Correct answer: Endocrine system
The endocrine system consists of glands that produce and release hormones into the bloodstream to regulate body processes.
Which hormone stimulates milk production after childbirth?
- A Prolactin
- B Insulin
- C Thyroxine
- D Adrenaline
Correct answer: Prolactin
Prolactin is produced by the pituitary gland and stimulates the mammary glands to produce milk after childbirth.