Vascular Tissue · Botany

Why are mature xylem vessel elements generally dead at functional maturity?

  1. Their hollow interiors allow efficient water flow
  2. Their cytoplasm blocks mineral movement
  3. They are replaced by companion cells
  4. They become fully photosynthetic after wall lignification
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Correct answer: Their hollow interiors allow efficient water flow

Mature vessel elements lose their living contents, leaving hollow tubes through which water can move with low resistance. Their lignified walls prevent collapse under the tension created during water transport.

Difficulty: Medium Question 5 of 20

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